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.This is something that has been a problem forall operating systems and software installs since the beginning of upgrades.For developers and programmers, RPM allows the packaging of binaries(programs) and source code for users.If a developer modifies the source codeto a program, these patches, as they are called, are maintained separate fromthe pristine or virgin sources.This makes it easy to upgrade the base sourceand reapply patches to new versions.For administrators, RPM allows them to upgrade a system, without reinstallingeverything and then going through the configuration pains.RPM canefficiently upgrade only those packages that have changed without losing yourcustomizations.For up-to-date information on RPM, see http://www.rpm.org on the Web.Installing, Upgrading, Downgrading, and RemovingSoftwareJust the fact that you can install, upgrade, and downgrade software on yoursystem, and remove it from your system, without having to do so manually is agood enough reason to install rpm software.InstallingIt is extremely easy to install a package.Here is the syntax:rpm -i mypackage-1.0-2.i386.rpmTypically, you might need to have root privileges in order to install a package.RPM takes care of installing everything software anddocumentation putting everything in its right place.There are some errors you can get while installing.If RPM detects that thenew package will overwrite a file belonging to another package, it will informyou of a conflict.To override, you can supply the --replacefiles option:rpm -i --replacefiles mypackage-1.0-2.i386.rpmIf a package depends on another, you will see an error telling you that thepackage requires another.You should obtain the required package and thenretry the installation of your software.You can also override this warning withhttp://www.itknowledge.com/reference/standard/078971826x/ch20/235-237.html (2 of 3) [1/27/2000 5:51:40 PM] Complete Idiot's Guide to Linux:Installing Programs and Applicationsthe --nodeps option; however, doing so is setting yourself up for a problem.If the software is already installed, you ll get an error telling you that thepackage has already been installed.To install over the package, you shouldprovide the --repalcepkgs option, like this:rpm -i --replacepkgs mypackage-1.0-2.i386.rpmUpgradingUpgrading an application is just as simple as installing one.Instead ofspecifying the -i option, you specify the -U option, like this:rpm -U mypackage-1.0-4.i386.rpmIt s important to keep in mind that upgrading a package actually uninstalls theprevious installation.If the configuration files for the upgraded version are notcompatible, you ll see a message telling you so.RPM will save your originalconfiguration file for you to reconcile with the new one.DowngradingSometimes upgrading is really upgrading to new undesirable bugs.Todowngrade back to the software you had before you acquired the bugs, justupgrade to the old package and provide the --oldpackage option.rpm U -oldpackage myoldpackage-1.0-1.i386.rpmUninstallingIf you figure out that you don t want the software you ve installed, use the -e(Erase) flag.This time, only provide the base name for the package.For apackage named mypackage-1.0-4.i386.rpm, just type the following:rpm -e mypackagePrevious Table of Contents NextProducts | Contact Us | About Us | Privacy | Ad Info | HomeUse of this site is subject to certain Terms & Conditions, Copyright © 1996-2000 EarthWeb Inc.All rights reserved.Reproduction whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission of EarthWeb isprohibited.http://www.itknowledge.com/reference/standard/078971826x/ch20/235-237.html (3 of 3) [1/27/2000 5:51:40 PM] Complete Idiot's Guide to Linux:Installing Programs and ApplicationsTo access the contents, click the chapter and section titles.Complete Idiot's Guide to Linux(Publisher: Macmillan Computer Publishing)Author(s): Manuel RicartGo!ISBN: 078971826xPublication Date: 12/22/98KeywordBrief FullAdvancedSearch this book:SearchSearch TipsGo!Previous Table of Contents Next-----------A Database of Installed SoftwareThe most interesting feature in RPM is the capability to query information about files and packages installed onyour system.This feature is killer as you can query RPM to search its list of installed software for a number ofthings.Querying (searching) takes place using the -q option.Finding Information About the PackageTo find information about a package file, do an rpm query for information about the package.You would typethe following:rpm -qip packagefile[alberto@digital alberto]$ rpm -qip DUMP-0_4.RPMName : dump Distribution: OpenLinux 1.2Version : 0.4b4 Vendor: Caldera, Inc.Release : 1 Build Date: Wed Jan 0701:15:34 1998Install date: (not installed) Build Host: buildmeister.caldera.comGroup : Administration/Archiving Source RPM: dump-0.4b4- 1.src.rpmSize : 295767Packager : Raymund WillSummary : BSD dump/restore backup system (BETA).Description :dump and restore, as known from BSD/SunOS/., is a quitereliable method for backup, because dump gets all neededinformation directly from the storage media -- not viathe high-level filesystem-interface (as tar, cpio, etc.do).Additionally the output format of dump is readable onother platforms (like SunOS, BSD) and vice versa.But BEWARE, this software is still under development (BETA)!!!Don t rely too much on it -- but without testing, there would beno further improvement! Interleave with another backup methodhttp://www.itknowledge.com/reference/standard/078971826x/ch20/237-240.html (1 of 3) [1/27/2000 5:51:42 PM] Complete Idiot's Guide to Linux:Installing Programs and Applicationswould be a good idea
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